Cigarette Smoking in the United States
[GRABBER:]
Imagine a case where someone offers you cigarettes and convinces you of their significance, such as relieving stress, and you are almost convinced to try. Statistically speaking, cigarette smoking accounts for hundreds of thousands of death cases in the United States. Most of the affected parties are young men and women of the ages of 19 to 35.
[INTRO OF THE MAIN TOPIC/SOME GENERALIZED COMMON GROUND:]
Cigarettes are deeply rooted in the culture and history of this country, for good and bad, from serving as a symbol of the rough and tough independent, “real American,” like cowboys and ranch hands, to the moody, brooding character types operating “outside of the system,” in U.S. films and other media, to a direct tie to slavery and the Civil War through the use of plantations and slave labor. Today everyone is aware of the many direct and indirect possible health warnings connected with cigarette smoke. According to research done by a specific group to analyze the health effects of cigarette smoking, it was found out that more than 480,000 people die annually due to smoking tobacco (Stanton 162). The most surprising aspect of this statistics is that most of this population is primarily the young generation of the United States. Research has proven that cigarette smoking slowly ruins the lives of many smokers and nonsmokers who are referred to as passive smokers. From my perspective, cigarette smoking should be made illegal as it contains various products that result in damages to the human body, especially to pregnant women. Similarly, cigarette smoking has proved to contain an addictive substance that does not only affect the smokers but the nonsmokers too (Marano et al. 1301). With the banishing of cigarette use not only in the United States but also in the larger global context, the world would be made a safer and healthier place for everyone, especially the passive smokers who suffer the consequences of other parties.
[OPPONENT’S THESIS:] However, cigarettes are a major contributor to the U.S. economy by provision of jobs to many people and creation of abundant tax dollars.
[TRANSITION SENTENCE:] While this is true, it is not enough to justify the costs in terms of health.
[MY SIDE’S THESIS:] Cigarette smoking has often been associated with various health issues such as asthma cases, especially to children, and therefore there is need for the government to ban the use of cigarettes in the United States.
[CONTINUATION OF COMMON GROUND:]
[IN AT LEAST 8 PARAGRAPHS, WRITE A CHRONOLOGICALLY ARRANGED BACKGROUND ON THE HISTORY OF TOBACCO AND THEN JUST THE TOBACCO CIGARETTE IN THIS COUNTRY. AVOID ANYTHING BEFORE THE 1700s AND ONLY USE THE UNITED STATES. HERE ARE SEVERAL TIMELINE-STYLED BACKGROUND EXPERTS SOURCES THAT MUST BE INCLUDED AS YOU LIKE IN THIS COMMON GROUND. YOU MAY ALSO FIND OTHER HISTORY-RELATED EXPERT SOURCES TO ADD HERE. BUT START WITH THESE TO QUICKLY CHOOSE AND CHRONOLOGICALLY ORGANIZE THIS SECTION OF THE PAPER:]
Cigarettes were initially launched in the United States in the early 19th century. Previously from the 17th century, tobacco was primarily used in cigars and pipes through sniffing and chewing. During the time of the World War, the use of cigarettes had taken roots in the United States and had acquired a lot of popularity among most people. The history of cigarette smoking in the U.S. is as follows, the first scrap of cigarettes was made from scraps of cigars in the 1700s. Research carried out by NCBI claims that in 1761, Dr. John Hill reported the first cautions against the use of cigarettes, and his findings indicated that snuffing of tobacco was associated with excrescences and swellings (Marano et al. 1301). John associated these symptoms with cancer.
During the 1700s century, tobacco played a vital role in the American Revolution War by financing and serving the collateral for the loans that had been acquired by the U.S. in France. It was during this year that scientists began investigating the chemicals found in cigarettes and their health effects (Tobacco Data Statistics 1). Later in 1768, they concluded that there is a harmful substance found in cigarettes known as nicotine that further leads to death.
Later in the 18th century, there were many findings associated with the use of tobacco in the United States. Research done by Cerioli in 1807 was able to isolate the essence of tobacco and the essential oil in tobacco. With this research, the effects of tobacco use on the health of people began to be revealed slowly (Tobacco Data Statistics 1). Later in 1828, there was a great finding by Posselt and Riemann that was able to isolate nicotine components from tobacco and further illustrated the health impacts associated with the use of nicotine. In 1843, studies conducted by an American researcher known as Melsens were able to describe the chemical and empirical formulae of nicotine.
With the start of the Crimean wars between 1854 to 1856, the popularity of cigarette use grew drastically, especially among the groups that were engaged in the wars during that time. It was during this time that the popularity of cigarette use increased, especially when the soldiers brought it to England from the Turkish and Russian soldiers (Tobacco Data Statistics 2). Later in 1875, the first company known as R.J. Reynolds Tobacco Company was given a charter by the U.S. government to officially start the production of chewing tobacco. It was between the rang of this years with the 19th century that the use and sale of tobacco cigarettes. There were billions of cigarettes being sold during this time.
The 19th century was marked with various investigations to investigate the various health impacts linked to the use of tobacco and cigarette products. Research conducted by Brosch in 1900 revealed that there exists a tobacco carcinogenesis product from the tobacco plant that was associated with various health impacts to the users (Tobacco Data Statistics 3). Brosch applied tobacco juices to the guinea pigs to identify the epithelial proliferation in tobacco and further analyze carcinogenesis in tobacco. Later in 1913, studies conducted by most investigators enabled the first production of the Camel Brand by the Reynolds Company.
Later in 1902, Philip Morris who was a British researcher created a headquarters for marketing cigarettes in New York. Later during these years, there were small but growing campaigns by most activists that pushed the U.S. to totally ban the use of tobacco due to the health effects linked to it (Tobacco Data Statistics 3). During the Second World War, the sales of tobacco grew very high since U.S. soldiers C-rations used them as food. Most of the already established Tobacco Companies were by this time sending millions of cigarettes to the soldiers at a free price, and by the end of the warm, the companies had acquired many customers due to the addictive nature of cigarettes.
The 20th century was marked with various research and studies to analyze the effects of cigarettes to the economy of the U.S. According to the research done by the National Institute for Environmental Health, it showed that ETS was the one of the known human carcinogens. Late in 2000, Tobacco was introduced in Kentucky and Virginia, but there were no claims on its impacts on the health of people (Tobacco Data Statistics 4). The year was also marked with claims by tobacco farmers over the $69 billion tax by the federal system on tobacco prices.
Within the 20th century, Philip Morris also introduced a type of cigarette that he claimed that it had the safest paper that had no impacts on the environment and health of the people. Later there as a report published by Surgeon General this entailed ways that could be used to reduce the use of Tobacco in the United States(Tobacco Data Statistics 4 ). In 2000, there was also a case in the Supreme Court that claimed that the federal government had no authority to regulate the use of tobacco in the U.S.
[PLEASE REMEMBER TO PARAPHRASE, MEANING, TO PUT THIS IN YOUR OWN WORDS AS MUCH AS POSSIBLE AND FEEL FREE TO PARTIALLY QUOTE PORTIONS OF SENTENCES, RATHER THAN LIFTING WHOLE SENTENCES, WHENEVER POSSIBLE. WHEREVER EACH PIECE OF RESEARCH ENDS (EVEN IF IT IS MID-SENTENCE), REMEMBER TO ADD THE PARENTHESES. AND REMEMBER TO ADD THE SOURCES BELOW AND ANY YOU CHOOSE TO FIND AND INCLUDE TO THE WORKS CITED, TOO. IF THE RESEARCH CONSISTS OF VIRTUALLY A WHOLE SENTENCE, EVEN IF YOU PARAPHRASED IT, THEN PUT THE PARENTHESES RIGHT BEFORE THE PERIOD, AT THE END OF THE SENTENCE, MEANING, THE PARENTHESES ARE PART OF THE SENTENCE.]
[BODY ARGUMENT SECTION — OPPONENT GOES FIRST:]
[GIVE STATISTICS ON THE NUMBERS AND TYPES OF JOBS IN AT LEAST 3 FULL PARAGRAPHS. WRITE THE PARENTHETICAL CITATIONS. ADD TO THE WORKS CITED ALL OF YOUR RESEARCH.]
According to the research, there is a an employment growth rate of about 0.3 in the cigarette and Tobacco manufacturing plants with a 0.1 annualized employment growth in the 2016-2021 financial year(Stanton 162). With regard to creating jobs, the range and number are huge. Tobacco plays a vital role in the economy of the United States since it helps to provide employment opportunities to the majority of the people who depend on it to raise their living standards.
Research has also shown that there are about 13, 068 people who have been employed in Tobacco and Cigarette manufacturing companies of the U.S. as of 2021 (Singh et al. 362). There has also been an increase in the revenue per employee for a typical company within the Tobacco and Cigarette business within the past 5 years. The research has also proven that the average Tobacco and Cigarette manufacturing business in the U.S. market is about 84.5 employees(Stanton 162). Despite of the mounting evidence of the health impacts associated with the use of tobacco, the international industry has emphasized on various economic benefits linked to cigarettes smoking in the United States.
[IN ABOUT 2-3 PARAGRAPHS, GIVE STATISTICS ON EXERCISE TAXES ON CIGARETTES. YOU CAN SHOW TRENDS OF TAX DOLLARS OVER THE LAST 30 OR SO YEARS, NOTING THE HIGHEST TAX YEARS. YOU CAN ALSO ADD INDIVIDUAL CIGARETTE MAKERS AND EACH ONE’S CONTRIBUTIONS. ALSO NOTE THE MANY CHARITIES CIGARETTE MAKERS CONTRIBUTE TO WHICH NOT ONLY HELPS HEALTH-RELATED CAUSES AND RESEARCH INCLUDING FOR CHILDREN BUT ALSO CREATES JOBS FOR MEDICAL RESEARCHERS – TRY TO GET AN ESTIMATE ON THE NUMBER OF CHARITIES THE CIGARETTE INDUSTRY CONTRIBUTES TO AND THE MOST RECENT DOLLAR FIGURE IN TERMS OF DOLLAR CONTRIBUTIONS. WRITE THE PARENTHETICAL CITATIONS. ADD TO THE WORKS CITED.]
In addition to creating jobs is the major contribution to tax dollars. According to research done by NCBI, the dollar amount from tobacco tax revenue has increased from around 2.2 billion to over 20 billion in 2021. However, with an adjustment to these figures, it is clear that there has been a drastic fall in tobacco tax revenues from its peak of 9.6 dollars (Singh et al. 364). Tobacco sales in the United States greatly contribute to the tax dollars that have experienced a rise of over 5.5 billion since its price in 1993 (Stanton 167).
Consequently, there has been growth in discrepancy between pack price and taxes whereby, in 1955, the average price of a cigarette pack was 23 cents with more than 48% of the price being taken as taxes by the federal government (Singh et al. 366). Apart from the state exercise taxes, the use of tobacco in the U.S. has contributed to the growth of over 440 local jurisdictions within 10 states, which levy taxes on tobacco and cigarette products.
[BODY ARGUMENT SECTION — YOUR SIDE:]
[IN AT LEAST 10 PARAGRAPHS, TALK ABOUT CHILDREN AND ASTHMA AND SMOKE EFFECTS IN THE FOLLOWING MANNER:]
[THE FIRST TWO PARAGRAPHS MUST BRIEFLY EXPLAIN WHAT ASTHMA IS BUT IS NOT TOO TECHNICAL TERMS. VERY BRIEFLY EXPLAIN ANY “TECHY TALK/JARGON” AND INCLUDE AS CURRENT AS POSSIBLE STATISTICS ON THE NUMBER OF CHILDREN (UP TO ABOUT AGE 17) IN THE UNITED STATES WITH ASTHMA. WRITE THE PARENTHETICAL CITATIONS. ADD TO THE WORKS CITED.]
THE THIRD PARAGRAPH NEEDS TO INVESTIGATE STATISTICS ON THE NUMBER OF YOUNG COUPLES IN THIS COUNTRY WHO MAY HAVE CHILDREN, OR BE OF AN AGE TO RAISE CHILDREN, WHO SMOKE. ALSO FIND A STATISTIC ON THE NUMBER OF CHILDREN AFFECTED BY SECOND-HAND SMOKE AT HOME/AROUND FAMILY IN GENERAL IN THIS COUNTRY – AGAIN, AS CURRENT AS POSSIBLE. WRITE THE PARENTHETICAL CITATIONS. ADD TO THE WORKS CITED.]
THE FOURTH TO TENTH PARAGRAPHS MUST TALK ABOUT THE HARMFUL EFFECTS ON CHILDREN WITH ASTHMA AND ANY RELATED HEALTH ISSUES YOU CHOOSE TO INCLUDE. IN ADDITION, YOU CAN ADD EFFECTS SUCH AS MISSING SCHOOL, LOTS OF DOCTOR TRIPS AND HEALTH INSURANCE COSTS, COSTS OF MEDICINES, SIDE-EFFECTS OF MEDICINES – WHATEVER YOU WISH TO THINK OF AND CHOOSE TO INCLUDE. WRITE THE PARENTHETICAL CITATIONS. ADD TO THE WORKS CITED.]
While money is important for survival, health comes first. No one would argue sacrificing the health of a young child for the sake of money. One major health problem for children tied to first- and second-hand smoke is asthma. Asthma is a type of a disease that is associated with swellings in the airways and is brought about by allergens such as cigarette smoke that cause an irritating effect upon entering the lungs (Marano et al. 1304). Currently, there is no cure for asthma, but it can be managed through prevention from allergens and proper treatment.
According to recent studies, asthma cases in the United States are so common, with almost 25 million Americans suffering from asthma. This population is equal to around 1 among 15 Americans, including 7% of the children and 8% of the adults. Currently, asthma is the leading chronic disease among U.S. children, with about 5.2 million children under the age of 17 suffering from asthma (Tobacco Data Statistics 3). According to a research done by the AAFA organization as of 2019, 44.3% of the children under the age of 17 were reported to have contracted asthma within the past year (Tobacco Data Statistics 3). Consequently, nearly 47.3% of the U.S. children between the ages of 1-5 had an episode of asthma.
Tobacco smoking mostly hurts children and babies. Children are mostly exposed to second hand smoking at home due to lack of smoke-free rules. According to research done by Stanton (167), about 15% of young couples in the U.S. have exposed their children to smoking due to second-hand exposure. Similarly, about 5 out of 10 children who are aged 4-17 years have been exposed to second hand smoking from their parents (Tobacco Data Statistics 3). This figures accounts to about 40.8% of the children. In the United States, the percentage of children living with one cigarette smoker has been about four times those living with nonsmokers, thus posing a great threat to American children.
Children suffering from asthma are more sensitive to second hand smoke. Often, they develop asthma symptoms whenever they are exposed to second hand smoking (Twardella 108). Such children may develop sinus and lung infections that require high costs of treatment, thus posing a great challenge to the family. Similarly, the symptoms associated with asthma are difficult to control and have a huge impact on children.
Second hand smoking also triggers other respiratory illnesse4ss to children since their lungs are still in the process of developing (Marano et al. 1300). Such exposure to second hand smoking results in a decrease in the functionality of the lung and other symptoms associated with inflammation of the airways such as increased mucus production, wheeze, and coughs (Twardella 108). Therefore, such children are forced to miss schools while being attended to by the doctors at their homes. With missing of schools, their academic performance is greatly affected, thus hindering their smooth academic flows.
Similarly, exposure to second hand smoking to the children has a great impact since there is no cure for asthma but can be managed through prevention from allergens and proper treatment. Therefore, the drugs used to treat instances of asthma among children are quite expensive and thus pose challenges to their families due to the high costs of medicine to treat their children (Twardella 108). This often leads to financial strain in this families and stress for the family members since they have to provide money for the treatment.
The side effects of medicines used to treat asthma is profound especially to the children and may result to death or exposure to other illness (Mbulo et al. 95). By the virtue of being children, they find it difficult to cope up with other side effects; thus, the family has to acquire skilled doctors who are forced to make many visits to the family. This is a waste of time and can be prevented by ensuring that the children are prevented from getting second hand effects of cigarettes, especially from their parents.
Children exposed to second hand smoking also experience other infections such as lower respiratory infections such as pneumonia and bronchitis. They are also exposed to severe and frequent heart attacks that may result to death. Such children may experience other respiratory symptoms such as breathlessness, wheezing, phlegm and cough (Mbulo et al. 99). The symptoms are usually mild and force the family to acquire a family doctor that further increases the insurance costs for treatment of the children.
In the United States, the percentage of children living with one cigarette smoker has been about four times those living with nonsmokers, thus posing a great threat to American children. Drugs used to treat instances of asthma among children are quite expensive and thus pose challenges to their families due to the high costs of medicine to treat their children. Doctors are forced to have lots of trips and the health insurance costs increase significantly (Mbulo et al. 103).
Children suffering from asthma are more sensitive to second hand smoke. Often, they develop asthma symptoms whenever they are exposed to second hand smoking. Such children may develop sinus and lung infections that require high costs of treatment, thus posing a great challenge to the family (Mbulo et al. 95). Similarly, the symptoms associated with asthma are difficult to control and have a huge impact on children.
[CONCLUSION:]
FIRST PARAGRAPH: A LIGHT SUMMARY OF YOUR THESIS STATEMENTS
SECOND AND THIRD PARAGRAPHS: YOUR OWN DEEP THOUGHTS ON THE SUBJECT MATTER.
FINAL PARAGRAPH: END ON A FAMOUS QUOTE SUMMING UP YOUR OWN FEELINGS ABOUT THE TOPIC OF SECOND-HAND SMOKE. WRITE THE PARENTHETICAL CITATIONS. ADD TO THE WORKS CITED.
In summary, the paper has demonstrated that cigarettes are a major contributor to the U.S. economy by provision of jobs to many people and creation of abundant tax dollars. However, it has often been associated with various health issues such as asthma cases, especially to children, and therefore there is a need for the government to ban the use of cigarettes in the United States.
From the argument presented by this paper, it is clear that despite boosting the economy of the United States, cigarette smoking should be banished by the federal government since it has many impacts, especially to the children when they are exposed to second hand smoking. While money is important for survival, health comes first (Tobacco Harm Reduction 2). No one would argue sacrificing the health of a young child for the sake of money. One major health problem for children tied to first- and second-hand smoke is asthma.
The side effects of medicines used to treat asthma is profound especially to the children and may result to death or exposure to other illness. Children suffering from asthma are more sensitive to second hand smoke. Often, they develop asthma symptoms whenever they are exposed to second hand smoking. Such children may develop sinus and lung infections that require high costs of treatment, thus posing a great challenge to the family. Similarly, the symptoms associated with asthma are difficult to control and have a huge impact on children.
With the banishing of cigarette use not only in the United States but also in the larger global context, the world would be made a safer and healthier place for everyone, especially the passive smokers who suffer the consequences of other parties.
Works Cited
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