Class and Racism
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Racism and Social Class
Self-gratification is said to be the greatest cause of racial discrimination. Over time, there has been a racial war between black Americans and white Americans with the white Americans feeling more superior. These wars have been going on since the ancient days and have caused significant effects on the communities and America at large. Physical accounts of racial stratification are debilitated by a failure to adopt attitudinal and ideological factors into their theories. Discoveries on the relationship between perceptions of racial discrimination in employment, adherence to individualist explanations of poverty, and attitudes toward affirmative action programs are used to exemplify the power of class ideologies in shaping beliefs about racial inequality and vice versa.
Beliefs have the potential to obscure and validate, or to challenge, inequalities of race. Building on recent studies that analyze race and crime at the micro-level, a social psychological model linking personal experiences with racial discrimination to an increased risk of offending are analyzed and racial discrimination persists and profoundly affects the life chances and routine situations of everyday life for racial minorities in the United States (Dovidio et al.,2017). Differences in economic outcomes by race have persisted for centuries in the United States and continue up to the present day. Most experiential studies on racial inequalities have tested competing for theories using cross-sectional data on a single generation of individuals perspective, focusing on the dynamics of income across generations. It is ascertained that neighbourhoods with low poverty rates, high rates of father presence among blacks, and low levels of racial bias among whites have better outcomes for black boys and smaller racial gaps (Lang & Khan-lang,2020).
Race-specific rates of relative and absolute mobility control the persistence of racial disparities and can guide the types of interventions that may be most effective in reducing disparities. If relative mobility is high for all races, reducing racial disparities requires policies that reduce racial gaps in children’s outcomes conditional on parental income. In contrast, if racial disparities emerge from low rates of relative mobility, combined with large gaps due to historical or transient factors, then temporary interventions or policies that increase relative mobility would have more persistent effects. Racism has negatively affected the interests of less advantaged segments of the white population by has undermining universalistic aspects of the welfare state.
The present studies attempt to overcome gaps in understanding of the race-crime linkage by taking a micro-level approach that integrates philosophy and investigation from sociology, criminology, and African American studies as well as insights from critical race theory to specify a model of racial discrimination, ethnic-racial socialization, and crime among African American youth. Racial disparities in street crime have long engaged the interest of sociologists and criminologists although differences are magnified by racial biases in the criminal justice system (Barkan &Rocque,2018). The toxin of racism that runs through the veins of society has yet to find a remedy. Racism can traumatize, hurt, humiliate, enrage, confuse, and ultimately prevent optimal growth and functioning of individuals and communities.
Veterans join the KKK group as a social group where they can mingle with each other and share ideas. Social integration is what they yearn for and KKK is providing that. It is unfortunate that with time, the social group turns to a hate group targeting the African-Americans. It is asserted by (Williams et al.,2017) that while in the groups, veterans tend to engage in drug abuse which deteriorates their health status.
References
Barkan, S. E., & Rocque, M. (2018). Socioeconomic status and racism as fundamental causes of street criminality. Critical criminology, 26(2), 211-231.
Dovidio, J. F., Gaertner, S. L., & Pearson, A. R. (2017). Aversive racism and contemporary bias.
Lang, K., & Kahn-Lang Spitzer, A. (2020). Race discrimination: An economic perspective. Journal of Economic Perspectives, 34(2), 68-89.
Williams, E. C., Gupta, S., Rubinsky, A. D., Glass, J. E., Jones-Webb, R., Bensley, K. M., & Harris, A. H. (2017). Variation in receipt of pharmacotherapy for alcohol use disorders across racial/ethnic groups: a national study in the US Veterans Health Administration. Drug and alcohol dependence, 178, 527-533.
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